Keras 모델 저장 및 로드

model = ...  # Get model (Sequential, Functional Model, or Model subclass)
model.save('path/to/location')

from tensorflow import keras
model = keras.models.load_model('path/to/location')

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras

2022-12-14 22:23:43.914585: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libnvinfer.so.7'; dlerror: libnvinfer.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2022-12-14 22:23:43.914680: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libnvinfer_plugin.so.7'; dlerror: libnvinfer_plugin.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2022-12-14 22:23:43.914689: W tensorflow/compiler/tf2tensorrt/utils/py_utils.cc:38] TF-TRT Warning: Cannot dlopen some TensorRT libraries. If you would like to use Nvidia GPU with TensorRT, please make sure the missing libraries mentioned above are installed properly.

def get_model():
    # Create a simple model.
    inputs = keras.Input(shape=(32,))
    outputs = keras.layers.Dense(1)(inputs)
    model = keras.Model(inputs, outputs)
    model.compile(optimizer="adam", loss="mean_squared_error")
    return model


model = get_model()

# Train the model.
test_input = np.random.random((128, 32))
test_target = np.random.random((128, 1))
model.fit(test_input, test_target)

# Calling `save('my_model')` creates a SavedModel folder `my_model`.
model.save("my_model")

# It can be used to reconstruct the model identically.
reconstructed_model = keras.models.load_model("my_model")

# Let's check:
np.testing.assert_allclose(
    model.predict(test_input), reconstructed_model.predict(test_input)
)

# The reconstructed model is already compiled and has retained the optimizer
# state, so training can resume:
reconstructed_model.fit(test_input, test_target)

4/4 [==============================] - 1s 4ms/step - loss: 0.2751
INFO:tensorflow:Assets written to: my_model/assets
4/4 [==============================] - 0s 2ms/step
4/4 [==============================] - 0s 2ms/step
4/4 [==============================] - 0s 3ms/step - loss: 0.2736
<keras.callbacks.History at 0x7f55683a0280>

ls my_model

assets  fingerprint.pb  keras_metadata.pb  saved_model.pb  variables

class CustomModel(keras.Model):
    def __init__(self, hidden_units):
        super(CustomModel, self).__init__()
        self.hidden_units = hidden_units
        self.dense_layers = [keras.layers.Dense(u) for u in hidden_units]

    def call(self, inputs):
        x = inputs
        for layer in self.dense_layers:
            x = layer(x)
        return x

    def get_config(self):
        return {"hidden_units": self.hidden_units}

    @classmethod
    def from_config(cls, config):
        return cls(**config)


model = CustomModel([16, 16, 10])
# Build the model by calling it
input_arr = tf.random.uniform((1, 5))
outputs = model(input_arr)
model.save("my_model")

# Option 1: Load with the custom_object argument.
loaded_1 = keras.models.load_model(
    "my_model", custom_objects={"CustomModel": CustomModel}
)

# Option 2: Load without the CustomModel class.

# Delete the custom-defined model class to ensure that the loader does not have
# access to it.
del CustomModel

loaded_2 = keras.models.load_model("my_model")
np.testing.assert_allclose(loaded_1(input_arr), outputs)
np.testing.assert_allclose(loaded_2(input_arr), outputs)

print("Original model:", model)
print("Model Loaded with custom objects:", loaded_1)
print("Model loaded without the custom object class:", loaded_2)

INFO:tensorflow:Assets written to: my_model/assets
WARNING:tensorflow:No training configuration found in save file, so the model was *not* compiled. Compile it manually.
WARNING:tensorflow:No training configuration found in save file, so the model was *not* compiled. Compile it manually.
Original model: <__main__.CustomModel object at 0x7f55682e3820>
Model Loaded with custom objects: <__main__.CustomModel object at 0x7f56e0e9a820>
Model loaded without the custom object class: <keras.saving.legacy.saved_model.load.CustomModel object at 0x7f56e0e31b50>

model = get_model()

# Train the model.
test_input = np.random.random((128, 32))
test_target = np.random.random((128, 1))
model.fit(test_input, test_target)

# Calling `save('my_model.h5')` creates a h5 file `my_model.h5`.
model.save("my_h5_model.h5")

# It can be used to reconstruct the model identically.
reconstructed_model = keras.models.load_model("my_h5_model.h5")

# Let's check:
np.testing.assert_allclose(
    model.predict(test_input), reconstructed_model.predict(test_input)
)

# The reconstructed model is already compiled and has retained the optimizer
# state, so training can resume:
reconstructed_model.fit(test_input, test_target)

4/4 [==============================] - 0s 3ms/step - loss: 0.5795
4/4 [==============================] - 0s 2ms/step
4/4 [==============================] - 0s 1ms/step
4/4 [==============================] - 0s 3ms/step - loss: 0.5160
<keras.callbacks.History at 0x7f56e0becfa0>

layer = keras.layers.Dense(3, activation="relu")
layer_config = layer.get_config()
new_layer = keras.layers.Dense.from_config(layer_config)

model = keras.Sequential([keras.Input((32,)), keras.layers.Dense(1)])
config = model.get_config()
new_model = keras.Sequential.from_config(config)

inputs = keras.Input((32,))
outputs = keras.layers.Dense(1)(inputs)
model = keras.Model(inputs, outputs)
config = model.get_config()
new_model = keras.Model.from_config(config)

model = keras.Sequential([keras.Input((32,)), keras.layers.Dense(1)])
json_config = model.to_json()
new_model = keras.models.model_from_json(json_config)

model.save("my_model")
tensorflow_graph = tf.saved_model.load("my_model")
x = np.random.uniform(size=(4, 32)).astype(np.float32)
predicted = tensorflow_graph(x).numpy()

WARNING:tensorflow:Compiled the loaded model, but the compiled metrics have yet to be built. `model.compile_metrics` will be empty until you train or evaluate the model.
INFO:tensorflow:Assets written to: my_model/assets

class CustomLayer(keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, a):
        self.var = tf.Variable(a, name="var_a")

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        if training:
            return inputs * self.var
        else:
            return inputs

    def get_config(self):
        return {"a": self.var.numpy()}

    # There's actually no need to define `from_config` here, since returning
    # `cls(**config)` is the default behavior.
    @classmethod
    def from_config(cls, config):
        return cls(**config)


layer = CustomLayer(5)
layer.var.assign(2)

serialized_layer = keras.layers.serialize(layer)
new_layer = keras.layers.deserialize(
    serialized_layer, custom_objects={"CustomLayer": CustomLayer}
)

{'class_name': 'CustomLayer', 'config': {'a': 2} }

class CustomLayer(keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, units=32, **kwargs):
        super(CustomLayer, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.units = units

    def build(self, input_shape):
        self.w = self.add_weight(
            shape=(input_shape[-1], self.units),
            initializer="random_normal",
            trainable=True,
        )
        self.b = self.add_weight(
            shape=(self.units,), initializer="random_normal", trainable=True
        )

    def call(self, inputs):
        return tf.matmul(inputs, self.w) + self.b

    def get_config(self):
        config = super(CustomLayer, self).get_config()
        config.update({"units": self.units})
        return config


def custom_activation(x):
    return tf.nn.tanh(x) ** 2


# Make a model with the CustomLayer and custom_activation
inputs = keras.Input((32,))
x = CustomLayer(32)(inputs)
outputs = keras.layers.Activation(custom_activation)(x)
model = keras.Model(inputs, outputs)

# Retrieve the config
config = model.get_config()

# At loading time, register the custom objects with a `custom_object_scope`:
custom_objects = {"CustomLayer": CustomLayer, "custom_activation": custom_activation}
with keras.utils.custom_object_scope(custom_objects):
    new_model = keras.Model.from_config(config)

with keras.utils.custom_object_scope(custom_objects):
    new_model = keras.models.clone_model(model)

def create_layer():
    layer = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")
    layer.build((None, 784))
    return layer


layer_1 = create_layer()
layer_2 = create_layer()

# Copy weights from layer 1 to layer 2
layer_2.set_weights(layer_1.get_weights())

# Create a simple functional model
inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)
outputs = keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions")(x)
functional_model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, name="3_layer_mlp")

# Define a subclassed model with the same architecture
class SubclassedModel(keras.Model):
    def __init__(self, output_dim, name=None):
        super(SubclassedModel, self).__init__(name=name)
        self.output_dim = output_dim
        self.dense_1 = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")
        self.dense_2 = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")
        self.dense_3 = keras.layers.Dense(output_dim, name="predictions")

    def call(self, inputs):
        x = self.dense_1(inputs)
        x = self.dense_2(x)
        x = self.dense_3(x)
        return x

    def get_config(self):
        return {"output_dim": self.output_dim, "name": self.name}


subclassed_model = SubclassedModel(10)
# Call the subclassed model once to create the weights.
subclassed_model(tf.ones((1, 784)))

# Copy weights from functional_model to subclassed_model.
subclassed_model.set_weights(functional_model.get_weights())

assert len(functional_model.weights) == len(subclassed_model.weights)
for a, b in zip(functional_model.weights, subclassed_model.weights):
    np.testing.assert_allclose(a.numpy(), b.numpy())

inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)
outputs = keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions")(x)
functional_model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, name="3_layer_mlp")

inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)

# Add a dropout layer, which does not contain any weights.
x = keras.layers.Dropout(0.5)(x)
outputs = keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions")(x)
functional_model_with_dropout = keras.Model(
    inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, name="3_layer_mlp"
)

functional_model_with_dropout.set_weights(functional_model.get_weights())

# Runnable example
sequential_model = keras.Sequential(
    [
        keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits"),
        keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1"),
        keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2"),
        keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions"),
    ]
)
sequential_model.save_weights("ckpt")
load_status = sequential_model.load_weights("ckpt")

# `assert_consumed` can be used as validation that all variable values have been
# restored from the checkpoint. See `tf.train.Checkpoint.restore` for other
# methods in the Status object.
load_status.assert_consumed()

<tensorflow.python.checkpoint.checkpoint.CheckpointLoadStatus at 0x7f56e0a63cd0>

class CustomLayer(keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, a):
        self.var = tf.Variable(a, name="var_a")


layer = CustomLayer(5)
layer_ckpt = tf.train.Checkpoint(layer=layer).save("custom_layer")

ckpt_reader = tf.train.load_checkpoint(layer_ckpt)

ckpt_reader.get_variable_to_dtype_map()

{'save_counter/.ATTRIBUTES/VARIABLE_VALUE': tf.int64,
 'layer/var/.ATTRIBUTES/VARIABLE_VALUE': tf.int32,
 '_CHECKPOINTABLE_OBJECT_GRAPH': tf.string}

inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)
outputs = keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions")(x)
functional_model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, name="3_layer_mlp")

# Extract a portion of the functional model defined in the Setup section.
# The following lines produce a new model that excludes the final output
# layer of the functional model.
pretrained = keras.Model(
    functional_model.inputs, functional_model.layers[-1].input, name="pretrained_model"
)
# Randomly assign "trained" weights.
for w in pretrained.weights:
    w.assign(tf.random.normal(w.shape))
pretrained.save_weights("pretrained_ckpt")
pretrained.summary()

# Assume this is a separate program where only 'pretrained_ckpt' exists.
# Create a new functional model with a different output dimension.
inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)
outputs = keras.layers.Dense(5, name="predictions")(x)
model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, name="new_model")

# Load the weights from pretrained_ckpt into model.
model.load_weights("pretrained_ckpt")

# Check that all of the pretrained weights have been loaded.
for a, b in zip(pretrained.weights, model.weights):
    np.testing.assert_allclose(a.numpy(), b.numpy())

print("\n", "-" * 50)
model.summary()

# Example 2: Sequential model
# Recreate the pretrained model, and load the saved weights.
inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)
pretrained_model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=x, name="pretrained")

# Sequential example:
model = keras.Sequential([pretrained_model, keras.layers.Dense(5, name="predictions")])
model.summary()

pretrained_model.load_weights("pretrained_ckpt")

# Warning! Calling `model.load_weights('pretrained_ckpt')` won't throw an error,
# but will *not* work as expected. If you inspect the weights, you'll see that
# none of the weights will have loaded. `pretrained_model.load_weights()` is the
# correct method to call.

Model: "pretrained_model"
_________________________________________________________________
 Layer (type)                Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
 digits (InputLayer)         [(None, 784)]             0         
                                                                 
 dense_1 (Dense)             (None, 64)                50240     
                                                                 
 dense_2 (Dense)             (None, 64)                4160      
                                                                 
=================================================================
Total params: 54,400
Trainable params: 54,400
Non-trainable params: 0
_________________________________________________________________

 --------------------------------------------------
Model: "new_model"
_________________________________________________________________
 Layer (type)                Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
 digits (InputLayer)         [(None, 784)]             0         
                                                                 
 dense_1 (Dense)             (None, 64)                50240     
                                                                 
 dense_2 (Dense)             (None, 64)                4160      
                                                                 
 predictions (Dense)         (None, 5)                 325       
                                                                 
=================================================================
Total params: 54,725
Trainable params: 54,725
Non-trainable params: 0
_________________________________________________________________
Model: "sequential_3"
_________________________________________________________________
 Layer (type)                Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
 pretrained (Functional)     (None, 64)                54400     
                                                                 
 predictions (Dense)         (None, 5)                 325       
                                                                 
=================================================================
Total params: 54,725
Trainable params: 54,725
Non-trainable params: 0
_________________________________________________________________
<tensorflow.python.checkpoint.checkpoint.CheckpointLoadStatus at 0x7f56e0a38a00>

# Create a subclassed model that essentially uses functional_model's first
# and last layers.
# First, save the weights of functional_model's first and last dense layers.
first_dense = functional_model.layers[1]
last_dense = functional_model.layers[-1]
ckpt_path = tf.train.Checkpoint(
    dense=first_dense, kernel=last_dense.kernel, bias=last_dense.bias
).save("ckpt")

# Define the subclassed model.
class ContrivedModel(keras.Model):
    def __init__(self):
        super(ContrivedModel, self).__init__()
        self.first_dense = keras.layers.Dense(64)
        self.kernel = self.add_variable("kernel", shape=(64, 10))
        self.bias = self.add_variable("bias", shape=(10,))

    def call(self, inputs):
        x = self.first_dense(inputs)
        return tf.matmul(x, self.kernel) + self.bias


model = ContrivedModel()
# Call model on inputs to create the variables of the dense layer.
_ = model(tf.ones((1, 784)))

# Create a Checkpoint with the same structure as before, and load the weights.
tf.train.Checkpoint(
    dense=model.first_dense, kernel=model.kernel, bias=model.bias
).restore(ckpt_path).assert_consumed()

/tmpfs/tmp/ipykernel_197950/1562824211.py:15: UserWarning: `layer.add_variable` is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Please use the `layer.add_weight()` method instead.
  self.kernel = self.add_variable("kernel", shape=(64, 10))
/tmpfs/tmp/ipykernel_197950/1562824211.py:16: UserWarning: `layer.add_variable` is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Please use the `layer.add_weight()` method instead.
  self.bias = self.add_variable("bias", shape=(10,))
<tensorflow.python.checkpoint.checkpoint.CheckpointLoadStatus at 0x7f56e0a3d760>

# Runnable example
sequential_model = keras.Sequential(
    [
        keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits"),
        keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1"),
        keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2"),
        keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions"),
    ]
)
sequential_model.save_weights("weights.h5")
sequential_model.load_weights("weights.h5")

class NestedDenseLayer(keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, units, name=None):
        super(NestedDenseLayer, self).__init__(name=name)
        self.dense_1 = keras.layers.Dense(units, name="dense_1")
        self.dense_2 = keras.layers.Dense(units, name="dense_2")

    def call(self, inputs):
        return self.dense_2(self.dense_1(inputs))


nested_model = keras.Sequential([keras.Input((784,)), NestedDenseLayer(10, "nested")])
variable_names = [v.name for v in nested_model.weights]
print("variables: {}".format(variable_names))

print("\nChanging trainable status of one of the nested layers...")
nested_model.get_layer("nested").dense_1.trainable = False

variable_names_2 = [v.name for v in nested_model.weights]
print("\nvariables: {}".format(variable_names_2))
print("variable ordering changed:", variable_names != variable_names_2)

variables: ['nested/dense_1/kernel:0', 'nested/dense_1/bias:0', 'nested/dense_2/kernel:0', 'nested/dense_2/bias:0']

Changing trainable status of one of the nested layers...

variables: ['nested/dense_2/kernel:0', 'nested/dense_2/bias:0', 'nested/dense_1/kernel:0', 'nested/dense_1/bias:0']
variable ordering changed: True

def create_functional_model():
    inputs = keras.Input(shape=(784,), name="digits")
    x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_1")(inputs)
    x = keras.layers.Dense(64, activation="relu", name="dense_2")(x)
    outputs = keras.layers.Dense(10, name="predictions")(x)
    return keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, name="3_layer_mlp")


functional_model = create_functional_model()
functional_model.save_weights("pretrained_weights.h5")

# In a separate program:
pretrained_model = create_functional_model()
pretrained_model.load_weights("pretrained_weights.h5")

# Create a new model by extracting layers from the original model:
extracted_layers = pretrained_model.layers[:-1]
extracted_layers.append(keras.layers.Dense(5, name="dense_3"))
model = keras.Sequential(extracted_layers)
model.summary()

Model: "sequential_6"
_________________________________________________________________
 Layer (type)                Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
 dense_1 (Dense)             (None, 64)                50240     
                                                                 
 dense_2 (Dense)             (None, 64)                4160      
                                                                 
 dense_3 (Dense)             (None, 5)                 325       
                                                                 
=================================================================
Total params: 54,725
Trainable params: 54,725
Non-trainable params: 0
_________________________________________________________________